Undergraduate Study

An NES degree prepares you for law school, business school and Ph.D. and M.A. programs in various fields.

With an NES degree, you can work in non-governmental organizations, journalism, education, foreign services, United Nations, private sector, business, international consultancy, translation or intelligence agencies.

• NES major application
• NES minor application
• Arabic minor application

Instructions:

1. Obtain a copy of your Cornell transcript. Request a transcript online.
2. Complete an application (Major, NES minor, or Arabic minor).
3. Schedule an appointment to review your application and transcript.
   • Prospective NES majors or minors should schedule a meeting with the Director of Undergraduate Studies.
   • Prospective Arabic minors should schedule a meeting with Munther Younes.
4. Return signed applications to Undergrad Coordinator Christianne Capalongo.

A major in Near Eastern Studies offers students the opportunity to explore the languages, literatures, cultures, religions, and history of the Near East/Middle East from antiquity to the modern day. The major is designed both to acquaint students broadly with the region and its cultures as well as to study a particular subfield in depth

Learning Outcomes

• To attain functional literacy in at least one Middle Eastern language (either ancient or modem).
• To develop an understanding of the full sweep of NE/ME history and learn about the diverse cultures, literatures, and religions that comprise the region.
• To learn to conduct advanced and independent research on topics related to the ancient, medieval, or modem periods.
• To develop writing and advanced critical thinking skills.
• To understand the history of the study of the Middle East from a variety of disciplinary perspectives.

Prerequisites

Prospective majors must have successfully completed one NES course (language courses count).

Major requirements

The NES major provides a great deal of flexibility for students to choose courses from a range of topics and fields. Students select the sequence and combination of courses in consultation with their advisor.

• Credit requirement: A minimum of 30 credits is required to complete the NES major. Middle Eastern language courses not being used to fulfill the NES language requirement may count toward the major.
• Core Course: All NES majors are required to take NES 4560 Theory and Method in Near Eastern Studies offered every spring semester. Students are encouraged to take this course as early in their academic career as possible. This course cannot count toward the temporal breadth requirement.
• All courses for the major must be taken for a letter grade and students must receive a grade of C or better in order for it to count toward the major.
• No course may be used to satisfy two requirements.

Language Requirements

• Two years of one Near Eastern Language or one year of two Near Eastern languages

Knowledge of Middle Eastern language(s) is an important component of the NES major. We expect all NES majors to graduate with at least a functional knowledge of one Middle Eastern language (equivalent to two years of study). In exceptional cases, students may complete one year each of two Middle Eastern languages, ancient or modern.

Modern Languages 

Students who begin their study of modern Middle Eastern languages at Cornell, and students who test into a Beginning- or Intermediate-level language class, must complete the fourth semester of the language sequence:

• ARAB 2202 Intermediate Arabic II ​
• HEBRW 2100 Intermediate Modern Hebrew
• PERSN 2322 Intermediate Persian-Farsi II
• TURK 2332 Intermediate Turkish II

Ancient Languages

Ancient languages, such as Akkadian, Ancient Egyptian, and Biblical Hebrew, may also be used to also fulfill the NES language requirement.

Additional Language Courses

Once a student has fulfilled the NES language requirement, any additional Near Eastern language courses may count toward major electives.

Out of the eight courses these are required:

• NES 2754 Wondrous Literatures of the Near East (crosslisted)
• in addition to: NES 4560 Theory and Method in Near Eastern Studies

Three must fulfill temporal breadth, defined as:

• one course whose chronological parameters fall within the period 3000 BCE to 600 CE,
• one course whose chronological parameters fall within the period 600 CE to 1800 CE, and
• one course whose chronological parameters fall between 1800 CE and the present.

The following are examples:

• 3000 BCE to 600 CE:
  • NES 2644 Introduction to Judaism (crosslisted)
  • NES 2661 Ancient Ships and Seafaring: Introduction to Nautical Archaeology (crosslisted)
  • NES 4545 (crosslisted)
• 600 CE to 1800 CE:
• 1800 CE to the present:
  • NES 3655 Minorities of the Middle East (crosslisted)
  • NES 2697 History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (crosslisted)

Course Requirements:

• Temporal breadth requirement: Students must complete at least one course that fulfills each of the following three chronological periods. Students are encouraged to consult with their advisor if they have questions about courses that span multiple periods: ​
  • Before 600 CE
  • 600 CE to 1800 CE
  • 1800 CE and the present 

Major Electives (three courses required).

• These electives will be determined in consultation with the NES major advisor.​
• Major electives: Students may select from the wide range of NES courses, including language courses, to complete the balance of the required 30 credits.

Note:

A maximum of two independent studies can be applied to the major; a maximum of two non-NES courses may be applied to the major; a maximum of two courses may receive credit for more than one major; a maximum of 15 credits of relevant, departmentally approved course work taken overseas or at another university may be applied to the major.

Note:

A maximum of two independent studies can be applied to the major; Cornell courses on Middle East-related topics not cross-listed with NES: Students may petition for a maximum of two non-cross listed courses to be applied to the NES major.

Study Abroad and Transfer Credits: Up to 12 credits of relevant, departmentally approved coursework taken overseas or at another university may be applied to the major.  

Minor requirements

Students interested in the NES Minor should consult the NES Director of Undergraduate Studies (DUS). Minors will remain in conversation regarding their course of study with the DUS or be assigned to a member of the NES faculty who will serve as their minor advisor.

Undergraduates with an interest in the history, societies, cultures, and religions of the Near East are invited to complete a minor in Near Eastern Studies by taking five courses (minimum of 15 credits), subject to the following conditions:

• At least three courses should be at the 3000 level or above.
• Two language courses may count towards the minor. These must be two courses of the same language (Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, Turkish. ancient: Akkadian, Biblical Hebrew, Hieroglyphic Egyptian)
• Three (or more) courses will explore the history, archaeology, literature, or religions of the Near East. Students may choose to focus on one of these disciplines or on the ancient, late antique, medieval, or modern periods across the disciplines.

Please Note: No more than one independent study, one non-NES cross-listed course, and one departmentally approved course taken overseas or at another university may be applied toward the minor.

The undergraduate minor in Arabic is intended for students who wish to gain a broad understanding of the culture, literature, and society of Arabic-speaking countries while refining their language competence. Students can add this to their resume under professional qualifications.

Prerequisites:

The prerequisite for the minor is fulfilling the College of Arts and Sciences language requirement. This may be fulfilled using one of two options, or by proving native speaker proficiency.

Option 1

Pass

1. a non-introductory Arabic language course of 3 or more credits at Cornell at the 2000-level or above OR
2. any other non-introductory course at the 2000-level or above conducted in Arabic at Cornell University. Note: fulfills the A&S language requirement option 1. 

Option 2

Complete the first three courses of the Arabic language sequence. Note: fulfills the A&S language requirement option 2.

• ARAB 1201 (Elementary Arabic I)
• ARAB 1202 (Elementary Arabic II)
• ARAB 1203 (Intermediate Arabic I)                                                 

Minor requirements:

To complete the minor and beyond the pre-requisite, a student must pass five Arabic courses with a minimum grade of "C". These five courses include:

Required Courses:

• ARAB 2202 (Intermediate Arabic II)
• ARAB 3201 (Advanced Arabic I)
• ARAB 3202 (Advanced Arabic II) 

**Important Note: Taking ARAB 3206 (Intensive Arabic II) is equivalent to ARAB 1203 (a prerequisite class for the minor) and ARAB 2202 and 3201 (required classes to complete the minor)

Group A (taught entirely in Arabic) 

Select one of the following

• ARAB 4203 - Current Events in Arabic Media
• ARAB 4687
• ARAB 3700 - Arabic Language Through Film
• ARAB 4200 - Modern Arabic Literature
• ARAB 3210 - 

Group B (text in Arabic, taught in English)

• ARAB 2204 - Introduction to Quranic Arabic
• or ARAB 4867  

Please note: Students must receive a minimum grade of "C" or equivalent in order for the course to count towards the minor. 

Students interested in the Arabic minor should contact Munther Younes, may2@cornell.edu.           

Starting with December 2026 and May 2027 graduates, Latin honors will not be awarded at the department level. Students who successfully complete the honors program will receive 'Honors in Near Eastern Studies'.

The honors program is open to department majors who have done superior work and wish to devote a substantial portion of their senior year to advanced, specialized and independent study in Near Eastern studies.

Successfully completing an honors thesis will require sustained interest, exceptional ability, diligence, and enthusiasm. Students must also take two honors courses (NES 4998 in fall and NES 4999 in spring), in addition to the regular major requirements. While admission to the Honors Program and completion of a thesis do not guarantee that students will be awarded honors in Near Eastern Studies, most students find the experience as intellectually rewarding as it is rigorous.

Eligibility

For admission to the honors program, candidates must fulfill all of the following requirements:

• Minimum grade point average of 3.5 in the Near Eastern studies major
• Superior performance overall at Cornell (minimum 3.3 GPA)
• Completion of at least 4 semesters or equivalent in a relevant Near Eastern language
• Satisfactory completion of an NES research paper (marked as NES-RS in courses of study)
• Completion of at least one course in the subfield relevant to the proposed thesis (e.g. early Islamic history, modern Hebrew literature, etc.)

Prospective honors students are strongly encouraged to take NES 4560 (NES Proseminar) in their junior year.

Application process

Honors program applications are available as a downloadable PDF.

Application Deadline: April 15 of the student's junior year

Identify a topic:

By the beginning of the spring semester of their junior year, students should have identified a topic or research question of abiding intellectual interest. Students should bear in mind that an honors thesis is far more than a research paper, and therefore should propose a topic based on original research using primary sources. Students should make sure that they have the appropriate language skills for their proposed thesis.

Select a thesis supervisor:

Once students have a thesis topic in mind, they should approach a faculty member to supervise their work on the honors thesis. The student's major advisor or director of undergraduate studies can help identify a thesis advisor appropriate to the topic. The student and the thesis advisor will then review the student's transcript to make sure that s/he is eligible for admission to the honors program (see admission requirements above). The thesis advisor should also ensure that the student has appropriate and sufficient language skills for the proposed topic.

Select a thesis committee:

The student and the thesis advisor will together identify two additional faculty members to serve on the thesis committee. It is the student's responsibility to contact (at least) one of these faculty members to request their participation on the committee before they submit their honors application.

Submit a thesis proposal:

After consulting with the prospective thesis advisor, the student must prepare a formal, well-thought-out proposal for honors research. The proposal must include a statement of the research question, discussion of the relevant methodology, and a preliminary bibliography of primary and secondary sources. Additional components of the proposal are outlined on the honors application cover sheet. The proposal and this cover sheet should be submitted to the thesis advisor, committee member(s), and the director of undergraduate studies by April 15 of the student's junior year.

Admission to candidacy:

At the end of the student's junior year, the director of undergraduate studies will notify students whether or not they have been admitted as candidates in the honors program. 

Note to students studying abroad:

Students who are abroad during their junior year should correspond with the DUS early in the spring semester regarding application to the honors program. Students should plan ahead and make sure they begin the application in a timely manner in order to meet the April 15 deadline.

Note to December graduates:

If your final semester is the fall semester, you will need to start the application process during the previous fall semester, to give yourself one full year to complete the program. That will put your deadline for the application in mid-October of your junior year. Please consult with the DUS if this is the case.

First semester requirements

• Regular meetings with the honors thesis advisor and committee member(s) throughout the year.
• Participation in NES honors workshops organized by the director of undergraduate studies. The date of these workshops will be announced at the beginning of each semester.
• Enrollment in NES 4998 in the fall semester. NES 4998 (part I) allows students to conduct research and begin writing the honors thesis.
  • At the end of first semester, submission to the supervisor for evaluation 15-20 pages of the thesis along with an outline of the whole project.

Mid-year evaluation

The thesis advisor and committee member(s) evaluate the progress of each honors candidate in December/January and makes recommendations about continuation. Students will be apprised of the outcome of their evaluation by the beginning of the spring semester.

• Students whose work is not progressing satisfactorily will be granted independent study units and a grade for their work in the fall semester but will no longer continue in the honors program.
• Students who are progressing satisfactorily will register in NES 4999 in the spring semester.

Second semester requirements

The thesis, between 60-100 pages in length, is due on the Friday closest to April 7. Unbound copies should be prepared for the thesis advisor, committee member(s), and the director of undergraduate studies.

Final thesis evaluation

• Students must successfully complete the NES major and must continue to maintain a minimum 3.5 GPA in the major and a minimum GPA of 3.3 overall.
• After submitting the thesis draft, students will receive feedback from their advisors and other committee members about required revisions. Students will generally have two weeks to submit a final draft of the thesis.
• In early to mid-May, a 'thesis defense' will be held with all committee members. The defense is a conversation between the honors candidate and her/his full committee. The defense provides the candidate with the opportunity formally to present her/his research in oral form and to address the substantive concerns of the committee.
• Final evaluation of the thesis will be determined by the committee after the thesis defense, in consultation with the departmental honors committee.
  • Students will be given a grade for NES 4999 based on their effort.
  • Students may be awarded honors based on the committee's evaluation of the scholarly achievement represented in the thesis.

Determination of honors

Starting with December 2026 and May 2027 graduates, Latin honors will not be awarded at the department level. Students who successfully complete the honors program will receive 'Honors in Near Eastern Studies'.

In evaluating a thesis, faculty members take into consideration intellectual creativity, methodological innovation, scholarly rigor, and overall quality of presentation. Students should therefore ensure that the thesis is also well-written, impeccably edited, and abides by the footnote format conventional for their discipline of choice (e.g., Chicago, MLA, AP).

• A student whose thesis is meritorious, well-argued, and relies ·on a methodologically sound use of primary sources may be awarded cum laude;
• A student whose project shows considerable originality and scope, methodological sophistication, and uncommon quality may be awarded magna cum laude;
• A student whose project is of truly exceptional quality, makes a real contribution to the field, and is deemed publishable may be awarded summa cum laude.

In deciding on the specific level of Latin honors, the committee may consider a candidate's complete academic record, not merely the thesis.

Submitting final thesis

Submit a final copy of your project (if copies can be made) to the administrator of the program Christianne Capalongo, in 409 White Hall.

Past Theses

Most are available to review by asking an administrator in 409 White Hall.

** not available in Department to view

The department offers courses in several languages which can fulfill the college language requirement: Arabic, Modern Hebrew, Persian, and Turkish.

Visit our language study page for more information. 

It is strongly recommended that students obtain departmental approval before enrolling in a course for which they are seeking transfer credit. Please contact the Director of Undergraduate Studies to seek approval. 

Students should refer to their college registrar's procedures for requesting a credit transfer. Current Arts & Sciences students should review the guidelines and instructions found on the A&S registrar's website.